How to install Oracle 12C database on RHEL 6.4

Requirements :-

*) For large-scale installation we need to use multicore processors with High availability.
*) Recommended minimum RAM needed for Oracle is 2GB or more.
*) Swap must be enabled double the size of RAM.
*)Disk space must be more than 8GB, its depends on edition which are we going to choose for installing.
*)/tmp directory must have free space more than 1GB for error free installation.
*)Supported Linux operating systems are RHEL, Centos, Oracle.
*)Both x86_64 and i686 packages are required for installation.

Step 1:-Set up Hostname and bind it.

[root@server3 ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=server3.soumya.com

-save & exit(:wq)

[root@server3 ~]$ vi /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.2.104   server3.soumya.com      server3

-save & exit(:wq)


Step 2:-Disable firewall and put selinux on permissisve or disabled mode.
[root@server3 ~]$ service iptables stop
[root@server3 ~] service iptables save

[root@server3 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/selinux

# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted

**Remeber you need to restart the server for the changed selinux settings to put on effect.

Step 3:-Install the required packages using YUM

# From Public Yum
yum install binutils -y
yum install compat-libcap1 -y
yum install compat-libstdc++-33 -y
yum install compat-libstdc++-33.i686 -y
yum install gcc -y
yum install gcc-c++ -y
yum install glibc -y
yum install glibc.i686 -y
yum install glibc-devel -y
yum install glibc-devel.i686 -y
yum install ksh -y
yum install libgcc -y
yum install libgcc.i686 -y
yum install libstdc++ -y
yum install libstdc++.i686 -y
yum install libstdc++-devel -y
yum install libstdc++-devel.i686 -y
yum install libaio -y
yum install libaio.i686 -y
yum install libaio-devel -y
yum install libaio-devel.i686 -y
yum install libXext -y
yum install libXext.i686 -y
yum install libXtst -y
yum install libXtst.i686 -y
yum install libX11 -y
yum install libX11.i686 -y
yum install libXau -y
yum install libXau.i686 -y
yum install libxcb -y
yum install libxcb.i686 -y
yum install libXi -y
yum install libXi.i686 -y
yum install make -y
yum install sysstat -y
yum install unixODBC -y
yum install unixODBC-devel -y

Step 4:- Change the kernel parameters .
Add or amend the following lines in the "/etc/sysctl.conf" file.

[root@server3 ~]# vi
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

-save & exit(:wq)

Run the following command to change the current kernel parameters.

[root@server3 ~]# /sbin/sysctl -p


Add the following lines to the "/etc/security/limits.conf" file.

[root@server3 ~]#vi /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle   soft   nofile    1024
oracle   hard   nofile    65536
oracle   soft   nproc    16384
oracle   hard   nproc    16384
oracle   soft   stack    10240
oracle   hard   stack    32768

-save & exit(:wq)

Step 5:-Create required groups and users.

[root@server3 ~]#groupadd -g 520 oinstall
[root@server3 ~]#groupadd -g 521 dba
[root@server3 ~]#groupadd -g 522 oper
[root@server3 ~]#useradd -u 520 -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
[root@server3 ~]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New password: *****


Add the following lines to the "/etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf" file.

[root@server3 ~]#vi /etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf
# Change number of process
* soft    nproc    1024
# To this
    *  nproc 16384
-save & exit(:wq)


Step 6:- Create required directories and assign them proper permission / ownerships.

[root@server3 ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1
[root@server3 ~]# chown -Rf oracle:oinstall /u01
[root@server3 ~]# chmod -Rf 775 /u01

Step 7:-Configure bash profile for oracle user.

[root@server3 ~]#vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile
# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export TMP=/u01/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=server3.soumya.com
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=ora12c
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0.2/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=ora12c
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/lib64
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

-save & exit(:wq)


Step 7:-Now switch to the directory where the installation file exists extract it.

[root@server3 ~]# cd /u01/
[root@server3 u01]# ls -ltr
total 2625116
-rwxrwxr-x  1 oracle oinstall 1673544724 Mar  1 21:57 linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip
-rwxrwxr-x  1 oracle oinstall 1014530602 Mar  2 19:14 linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip
drwxr-xr-x  4 oracle oinstall       4096 Mar  6 16:22 app

Unzip the installation files.
[root@server3 ~]#unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip
[root@server3 ~]#unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip

Step 8.Now Open X-Manager and start the installation.
*For x-manager make sure "xterm, xorg" packages are installed.

From Xmanager console:-
[root@server3 ~]#su - oracle
[oracle@server3 u01]$ cd database/
[oracle@server3 database]$ ls -ltr
total 36
-rwxrwxr-x  1 oracle oinstall  500 Feb  7  2013 welcome.html
-rwxrwxr-x  1 oracle oinstall 8533 Jul  7  2014 runInstaller
drwxrwxr-x  2 oracle oinstall 4096 Jul  7  2014 rpm
drwxrwxr-x  2 oracle oinstall 4096 Jul  7  2014 sshsetup
drwxrwxr-x  2 oracle oinstall 4096 Jul  7  2014 response
drwxrwxr-x 14 oracle oinstall 4096 Jul  7  2014 stage
drwxrwxr-x  4 oracle oinstall 4096 Mar  6 14:57 install

[oracle@server3 database]$sh runInstaller
In installation window
Step 1 :-Configure security updates => Untick the option "I wish to receive security updates via My oracle support"
Step 2 :-Installation option => Select Create & configure Database.(Incase if you want to configure database choose install database software only )
Step 3 :-System Class => Select Server Class.
Step 4 :-Grid installation option => Select Single instance database installation.
Step 5 :-Install Type => Select Typical install
Step 6 :-Typical installation =>
Make sure at this step we have following paths selected
Oracle_Base =/u01/app/oracle
Software location=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1
Storage type= File system
Database file location=/u01/app/oracle/oradata
OSDBA Group=dba
Global database name=ora12c
Password=provide password
Select option Pluggable Database name=pdbora12c

Step 7 :- It should not make any issue regarding packages or other checks.
Step 8 :- Install.
While the installation is going on it will ask to run following two scripts from root user.
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/root.sh
/u01/app/oraInventory/oraInstroot.sh

The whole process would take some time..


[oracle@server3 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Fri Mar 6 18:17:49 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select instance_name from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME
----------------
ora12c


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